Settlement Patterns of Bronze-Age Sites of the Upper and Middle Atrak Basin in Northeastern Iran

In archaeological studies of Southwestern Asia, during the period from late fourth millennium BC to beginning Iron Age (second half second BC), phenomena such as growth settlements in terms area and population, emergence early cities, trans-regional trade, formation government institutions, spread gray-and-black pottery, extensive changes technology, dramatic development smelting use bronze tools were identified. this process, an communication network aimed at controlling trade routes access raw materials across plateau, by land sea, connected many areas. Economically, remote was established time, various communities establishing ties with places located thousands miles away order obtain their needed resources. Bronze-Age cultures are well-known most parts Iran, but Khorasan is exception since data rare insufficient. Moreover, information about chronology distribution sites different periods prehistoric times it minimal. Thirty-eight Bronze have been studied research. These identified surveys upper middle Atrak last decade. This study done using descriptive-analytic method. GIS SPSS software Correlation Cluster analysis methods used for analysis. The settlement pattern basin similar. It consists two-rank models a large main site several small around it. results indicate that due lack water resources region, constant has essential factor shaping settlements. Most also formed Age, we faced decrease number Ages.